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Turin is Italy's third largest economic center after Rome and Milan. In 2004, Turin produced a GDP of 25,439 billion euros, 2.2% of the national figure. The Turin greater metropolitan area produced 44,146 billion euros, 3.8% of the Italian GDP.〔http://www.censis.it/ (ata Censis 2004 on the wealth produced by the Italian metropolitan areas)〕 Turin's taxable income was 12,455 billion euros.〔http://www.finanze.gov.it/dipartimentopolitichefiscali/fiscalitalocale/distribuz_addirpef/lista.htm?r=1&pagina=piemonte.htm&anno=2007&pr=TO Ministry of Economy and Finance. (Data relating to income tax of municipalities)〕 ==Industry== The Province of Turin, is Italy's second largest export market (in terms of value of exports) with a share of 5.2% of the national total. Its industries include manufacturing and engineering; production of confectionery and chocolate; and banking and telecommunications. There has also been growth in construction, tourism and service industries. Founded in 1826, Caffarel (the inventor of gianduja) is the oldest chocolate factory in the world. Other prominent companies in the area include: Fiat, Seat Pagine Gialle, EIAR (now RAI), Olivetti, Lavazza, Cirio, Reale Mutua Assicurazioni, Toro Assicurazioni Lancia, Italdesign Giugiaro, Ghia, Italgas, Bertone, Pininfarina, Martini & Rossi, Seven, Kappa, Superga, Carlo Pignatelli. National banks with a presence in Turin include Intesa Sanpaolo and UniCredit Group. In 2006, there were 231,645 businesses registered in the Province of Turin and 112,255 in the city. These numbers represent just under 50% of all those in the Piedmont region and 4% of the Italian total. There were 21,987 foreign entrepreneurs, with the majority being non-EU.〔http://www.to.camcom.it/Page/t08/view_html?idp=6599 (Data provided by the Chamber of Commerce of Turin)〕 Difficulties which industry in Turin has faced include a long phase of industrial restructuring; a crisis in Fiat; and transfer of production to developing nations. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Economy of Turin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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